Here are 25 IT interview-level questions across various topics:
### Networking
1. What is the difference between TCP and UDP protocols?
2. How does DNS resolution work?
3. What is the purpose of subnet masking?
4. Explain the concept of VLANs and how they improve network security.
5. What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router?
### Operating System
6. What is the difference between a process and a thread?
7. How does virtual memory work?
8. What is the purpose of the kernel in an operating system?
9. How does context switching work in a multi-threaded environment?
10. What is the difference between a monolithic and microkernel architecture?
### Database
11. What is normalization in a database, and how is it achieved?
12. How does indexing improve query performance?
13. What is the difference between a left join and an inner join?
14. How does database denormalization affect performance?
15. What is the purpose of a database transaction?
### Security
16. What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption?
17. How does SSL/TLS encryption work?
18. What is the purpose of a firewall, and how does it work?
19. What is the difference between a vulnerability and an exploit?
20. How does two-factor authentication improve security?
### Data Structure and Algorithms
21. What is the time complexity of a bubble sort algorithm?
22. How does a hash table work, and what are its advantages?
23. What is the difference between a stack and a queue data structure?
24. How does a binary search algorithm work, and what is its time complexity?
25. What is the purpose of a graph data structure, and how is it used?
I hope these questions help you prepare for your IT interview!
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