Definition
A method of statistical inference that updates probability estimates for a hypothesis as more evidence becomes available.
Detailed Explanation
Bayesian inference uses Bayes' theorem to update probabilities of hypotheses as additional evidence is acquired. It combines prior knowledge (prior probability) with new evidence (likelihood) to compute updated beliefs (posterior probability). This approach provides a formal framework for reasoning under uncertainty.
Use Cases
Medical diagnosis, spam filtering, recommendation systems, scientific hypothesis testing, and machine learning model training.